Front | Central | Back | |
Close | /ɪ iː/ ⟨i ī⟩ | /ʏ yː/ ⟨y ȳ⟩ | /ʊ uː/ ⟨u ū⟩ |
Mid | /eː/ ⟨ē⟩ | /oː/ ⟨ō⟩ | |
Open | /ɛ ɛː/ ⟨e ei⟩ | /a aː/ ⟨a ā⟩ | /ɔ ɔː/ ⟨o ou⟩ |
Diphthongs | /ai̯ au̯ ia̯ ɪu̯ ʏi̯ ʏu̯ ɛi̯ ɛu̯ ɔu̯ ua̯ ʊi̯/ ⟨ai au ia iu yi yu ēi eu ōu ua ui⟩ |
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Triphthongs | /ia̯u̯ ua̯u̯/ ⟨iau uau⟩ |
Bilabial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | Labio-Velar | Glottal | |
Nasal | /m/ ⟨m⟩ | /n/ ⟨n⟩ | ||||
Stop | /p b/ ⟨p b⟩ | /t d/ ⟨t d⟩ | /k g/ ⟨c g⟩ | /kʷ gʷ/ ⟨cw gw⟩ | ||
Fricative | /f fʷ/ ⟨f fw⟩ | /θ/ ⟨th⟩ | /s ɬ/ ⟨s lh⟩ | /x/ ⟨ch⟩ | /h/ ⟨h⟩ | |
Approximant | /v vʷ/ ⟨v vw⟩ | /r l/ ⟨r l⟩ | /j jʷ/ ⟨j jw⟩ | /w/ ⟨w⟩ |
Singular | Dual | Inclusive Plural | Exclusive Plural | |
First Person | -em | -ymus | -iêg | -ēs |
Second Person | -ō | -owus, -aus | -ajam, -eim | |
Third Person Masculine | -ath | -aus | -anth | |
Third Person Feminine | -yth | -ȳs | -ynth | |
Third Person Neutral | -eth | -ȳs | -enth |
Singular | Dual | Inclusive Plural | Exclusive Plural | |
First Person | -ym | -ȳmus | -iagȳ | -ais |
Second Person | -au | -owus, -aus | -ojaum, -aum | |
Third Person Masculine | -auth | -aus | -aunth | |
Third Person Feminine | -ȳth | -ȳs | -ȳnth | |
Third Person Neutral | -ȳth | -ȳs | -ȳnth |
Singular | Dual | Inclusive Plural | Exclusive Plural | |
First Person | -im | -iamus | -īgī | -ais |
Second Person | -ai | -yjus, -ȳs | -ejaim, -aim | |
Third Person Masculine | -aith | -ȳs | -ainth | |
Third Person Feminine | -īth | -ias | -īnth | |
Third Person Neutral | -īth | -ias | -īnth |
Singular | Dual | Inclusive Plural | |
First Person | -iēgān | ||
Second Person | -ā | -ōus | -an |
Third Person Masculine | -athā | -ōus | -anthan |
Third Person Feminine | -ythā | -iōus | -ynthan |
Third Person Neutral | -ethā | -iōus | -enthan |
Singular | Dual | Inclusive Plural | Exclusive Plural | |
First Person | -dénd, -thénd | -dymûth, -thymûth | -iēgéd, -iêth | -êth |
Second Person | -nôd | -náuth | -ajánd, -éind | |
Third Person Masculine | -rád | -ráuth | -iēnád, -ráid | |
Third Person Feminine | -rýd, -ríad | -rŷth | -iēníad, -rîd | |
Third Person Neutral | -réd | -rŷth | -iēnéd, -rîd |
Singular | Dual | Inclusive Plural | Exclusive Plural | |
First Person | -demen, -themen | -dymuren, -thymuren | -iēgen | -airen |
Second Person | -non | -nauren | -ajamen, -eimen | |
Third Person Masculine | -ran | -rauren | -iēnan, -rain | |
Third Person Feminine | -ryn | -rȳren | -iēnyn, -rin | |
Third Person Neutral | -ren | -rȳren | -iēnen, -rin |
Present |
|
Simple | ∅- |
Inchoative | nē-, nei-, CVC-CV |
Past |
|
Inchoative | enē-, enei-, e-CVC-CV |
Perfect | ē-, ei- |
Imperfect | cwē-, cwei-, CV-CVC, egwē-, egwei-, eCV-CVC |
Iterative | egi-, gi- |
Stative | eur- |
Future |
|
Simple | bei-, ber- |
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | hār-a | hōr-aus | hēr-ai |
Accusative | hār-ád | hōr-áuth | hēr-áid |
Dative | hār-an | hōr-auren | hēr-ain |
Genitive | hār-am | hōr-aurem | hēr-aim |
Instrumental | hār-angwa(s), -áng | hōr-auringwa(s), -auríng | hēr-aingwa(s), -áing |
Locative | hār-ánd | hōr-aurénd | hēr-áind |
Vocative | hār-∅ | hōr-aus | hēr-ai |
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | mer-ia | myr-yus | mir-ī |
Accusative | mer-íad | myr-ýuth | mir-îd |
Dative | mer-yn | myr-yuren | mir-in |
Genitive | mer-ym | myr-yurem | mir-im |
Instrumental | mer-iangwa(s), -íang | myr-yuringwa(s), -yuríng | mir-īngwa(s), -îng |
Locative | mer-ýnd | myr-yurénd | mir-índ |
Vocative | mer-ia | myr-yus | mir-ī |
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | pagn-e | pogn-ȳs | pegn-ī |
Accusative | pagn-éd | pogn-ŷth | pegn-îd |
Dative | pagn-en | pogn-ȳren | pegn-in |
Genitive | pagn-em | pogn-ȳrem | pegn-im |
Instrumental | pagn-engwa(s), -éng | pogn-ȳringwa(s), -ȳríng | pegn-īngwa(s), -îng |
Locative | pagn-énd | pogn-ȳrénd | pegn-índ |
Vocative | pagen-∅ | pogn-ȳs | pegn-ī |
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bāchill-ō, -∅ | bōchill-ōus | beichill-ȳ |
Accusative | bāchill-ôd | bōchill-ôuth | beichill-ŷd, -ýid |
Dative | bāchill-on | bōchill-ōuren | beichill-ȳn |
Genitive | bāchill-om | bōchill-ōurem | beichill-ym |
Instrumental | bāchill-ōngwa(s), -ông | bōchill-ōuringwa(s), -ōuríng | beichill-ȳngwa(s), -yingwa(s), -ŷng, -ýing |
Locative | bāchill-ónd | bōchill-ōurénd | beichill-ȳnd |
Vocative | bāchill-ō, -∅ | bōchill-ōus | beichill-ȳ |
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | cas-∅ | cor-us | cais-∅ |
Accusative | cā-th | cor-rûth | cai-th |
Dative | car-en | cor-uren | cair-en |
Genitive | car-em | cor-urem | cair-em |
Instrumental | car-ingwa(s), -íng | cor-uringwa(s), -uríng | cair-ingwa(s), -íng |
Locative | car-énd | cor-urénd | cair-énd |
Vocative | cas-∅ | cor-us | cais-∅ |
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | domal-∅ | domol-us | dymail-∅ |
Accusative | domál-d | domol-ûth | dymáil-d |
Dative | domal-en | domol-uren | dymail-en |
Genitive | domal-em | domol-urem | dymail-em |
Instrumental | domal-ingwa(s), -íng | domol-uringwa(s), -uríng | dymail-ingwa(s), -íng |
Locative | domal-énd | domol-urénd | dymail-énd |
Vocative | domal-∅ | domol-us | dymail-∅ |